According to EN 752-5 [DINEN752-5:1995], renovation is understood to be measures aimed at improving the current functionality of sewage pipes and sewers under full or partial inclusion of their original substance.

The measures used for carrying this out are :

• Coating processes and
• Lining processes .

Full linings serve the purpose of replacing or enhancing the resistance properties to physical, chemical, biochemical and/or biological attacks, for hindering the renewed formation of incrustations, for replacing and/or increasing the static bearing capacity as well as the leaktightness.

Lining processes are differentiated as follows

• lining with pipes and
• Lining with installed individual elements (segmental lining process) in the form of
• Partial segmental lining of the invert region or the gas space and
• Full segmental lining

Lining with pipes

Segmental lining

The lining with pipes is understood to be, similar to (not found), the creation of self-supporting full lining of sewer sections based on

• Prefabricated pipes;
• Site manufactured pipes; and
• Site manufactured and hardened pipes.

Lining with prefabricated pipes is characterised by the pulling, pushing or driving-in of pipes (also lining pipes) into the section of the sewer to be rehabilitated.

One differentiates between:

• Lining with continuous pipes
• Lining with discrete pipes

On-site production of a self-supporting lining pipe or of one that is capable of bearing a static load either when placed into the pipeline to be rehabilitated or within this pipeline.

One distinguishes between the following groups of processes :

• Lining with site manufactured pipes with annular space; and
• Lining with in site manufactured pipes without annular space.

Both …

In lining with site-manufactured and hardened pipes a prefabricated, flexible, lining tube is inserted into the section that is to be rehabilitated and is pressed onto the inner wall under pressure.

There it hardens into a self-carrying liner through the reaction of a synthetic resin previously applied to the material of the hose or through the action of a hydraulic …

Pulling-in a flexible and butt-welded continuous plastic pipe via an excavation or a manhole into the section to be rehabilitated by means of a winch.

One differentiates between:

• Lining with continuous pipes with annular space (The annular space between lining pipe and inner sewer wall is grouted)
• Lining with continuous pipes without annular space (Lining with close-fit pipes)

with annular space

Conventional sliplining process

Corrugated pipe process

The lining with continuous pipes with annular space requires the following equipment:

• Staff of 4-6 persons on construction site
• Possibly devices and machines for installing and securing the excavation (e.g. excavator, supporting elements)
• Heating element butt welding equipment and power set
• Winch with corresponding tensile strength
• Pulling head
• Roller blocks
• Lifting device
• Compulsory …

The length of the pulling-in excavation is determined by the permissible pipe bending radii.

If a plastic pipe is bent, the outer fibres of the outside pipe are strained. When the pipe is pulled-in, it is additionally strained by the tensile strength.

The annular space formed by the insertion of the lining pipe is grouted in order to achieve, among others, the following (not found):

• Fixing the liner;
• Avoiding the entrance of soil and water;
• Creating a defined bedding in the sewer;
• Even transfer of external loads;
• Prevention of dangerous gas bubbles.

Cyclical (discontinuous) installation of self-supporting discrete pipes into the pipeline to be rehabilitated.

The connection of the discrete pipes for the production of the lining pipe is either carried out in the pipeline to be rehabilitated or in the starting shaft or in the starting excavation.

DIN EN 13566 / ATV-DVWK-M 143-11
Lining with close-fit pipes

Lining with close-fit pipes:
Lining with a continuous pipe for which the cross-section is reduced to facilitate installation and reverted after installation to provide a close fit to the existing pipe [DINEN13566-1:2003].

Lining with close-fit pipes

• PE- or PVC-lining pipes are used in particular.
• Pulling-in a plastic continuous pipe (lining pipe), whose cross-sectional dimensions have been reduced by predeformations, into the section to be rehabilitated.
• Subsequent expansion until it clings to the interior wall of the sewer.
• Minimising the cross section reduction of the section that has to be rehabilitated compared to the lining with continuous pipes with annular …

Depending on the type of deformation and reversion of the plastic continuous pipe, one generally distinguishes in principle between the deformation and the reduction processes .

Deformation process

Reduction process

The lining with continuous pipes without annular space requires the following equipment:

• Staff of 4-6 persons on construction site
• Possibly devices and machines for installing and securing the excavation (e.g. excavator, lining elements)
• Heating element butt welding equipment and power set, if required
• Winch with corresponding tensile strength
• Pulling head
• Roller blocks
• Lifting device
• Reduction unit, if required
• Steam generator, if required
• Compressor …