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In non-man-accessible as well as in man-accessible sewers, localized damage and/or affected sections of the sewer can be sealed or statically stabilized by the insertion of internal sleeves.

The processes can be divided into the following groups:

  • Short hose process (also called shortliner process):
    • Short hoses based on synthetic resin (GRP short hoses) (Abschnitt 5.2.3.2.3.1)
    • Short hoses based on cement as binder (Abschnitt 5.2.3.2.3.2)
  • Internal sleeves …

Treatment
of base

(Image: Working sequence for a crack injection [FI-Sto] - Base pre-peration)

Boring
 

(Image: Working sequence for a crack injection with tight connection [FI-Sto] - Injection with drilling packers arranged vertically in the crack - Boring)

Cleaning
boring holes

(Image: Working sequence for a crack injection with tight connection [FI-Sto] - Injection with drilling packers arranged vertically in the crack - Cleaning boring holes)

Hammering

(Image: Attention!)

In order to prevent damage to concrete structures, the injection pressure according to [Asend88] should be confined to a maximum of 33 % of the cube strength of the concrete.

(Image: Injection pressure depending on the crack properties)

Measures for the restoration of defective regions in the inside of sewers of concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete have the aim, depending on the selected repair grout, among others of [DAfStBb] :

  • The maintaining and replacement of the corrosion protection of the reinforcement;
  • Replacing / supplementing the concrete cross section with or without requirements of stability;
  • Replacing or increasing the resistance of the concrete surface …
(Image: Local bad patches before rehabilitation)

Repairing bad patches

Local bad patches in the masonry are re-bricked with sewer bricks to DIN 4051 ensuring that they are correct in profile and flush and using corrosion-resistant plastic-modified cement mortar.

(Image: Newly installed sewer bricks)
(Image: Defective step in a masonry manhole)

Although sewer clinkers in masonry sewers are generally resistant to acids (for exceptions , the cement-bound grout joints are destroyed with corresponding loading .

If these masonry joints are not filled in with an appropriate grout again (pointing), then the result can be leaks, the falling out of one or more sewer bricks from the walls up to collapse of the arching. In this type of damage in the wetted …

Removing loose jointing material

The butt and bed joints in the region of the springing line are cleaned out up to a hard underground but not more than 5 cm deep due to the fact that the joint mortar can soften and parts of it can be scratched out and thus have no real strength properties. This is carried out by means of a pneumatic angle grinder (Flex). Very uneven or small masonry joints are additionally cleaned out.

(Image: Compressed air-driven …

Cleaning of cleared joints

Then follows the removal of the waste material using the high-pressure jet again.

(Image: Cleared and cleaned joints of masonry) (Image: Cleared and cleaned joints of masonry)

Re-jointing the previously cleaned-out joints

Ground and cleaned joints are re-filled up to the joint underground cavity with the Sewament 40 corrosion-resistant cement mortar of the Mapei Company making sure that there are no bad parts. The material used is first processed with a manually filled hand cartridge filler. The joints are filled-in from a corrosion depth of 1 cm (after cleaning).

(Image: Applying the new jointing material with the hand …
(Image: 55125 - Titelbild Dokumentation)

Proess: Re-jointing corroded masonry joints, crack injection, repair of damaged laterals

Title: Repair of masonry sewage collectors and manholes while retaining the original masonry by rehabilitation of the joints and crack injections.

Location: Position in the road cross section of a German main road

Limiting values:

  • System: Combined wastewater sewer, wastewater sewer
  • Material: Masonry
  • Cross sectional shapes:

The rehabilitation of the masonry collectors is achieved by injection of the existing cracks and re-jointing the corroded masonry joints. With this method the corrosion protection of the collectors and their partly insufficient stability as shown by the calculations is again established.

In order to determine the quality standards in the execution of the masonry rehabilitation as regards materials and procedures, three reference fields were carried …

Sewer cleaning

Corroded or loose jointing material, blooms, bulges, foreign matter (e.g. greases or oils) growths, dust and other dirt are removed by means of high-pressure jets with a flushing pressure of maximum 150 bar.

Removing loose jointing material

The butt and bed joints in the region of the springing line are cleaned out up to a hard underground but not more than 5 cm deep due to the fact that the joint mortar can soften and parts of it can …

Re-jointing the previously cleaned-out joints

Ground and cleaned joints are re-filled up to the joint underground cavity with the Sewament 40 corrosion-resistant cement mortar of the Mapei Company making sure that there are no bad parts. The material used is first processed with a manually filled hand cartridge filler. The joints are filled-in from a corrosion depth of 1 cm (after cleaning).

Creating the fresh mortar

For creating the repair mortar, …

Injection of cracks in the crown

The cement-bound ERGELIT Kombina I injection mortar is mixed using a drilling machine with a stirrer attachment by continuously adding dry mortar and make-up water. After filling the fresh mortar into the pressure vessel, this is sealed and attached to the compressor.

(Image: Pressure vessel for transporting the injection mortar) (Image: Pressure vessel for transporting the injection mortar) (Image: Pressure vessel …

A final high-pressure flushing is carried out in order to clean the rehabilitated section before acceptance.

The sewer is only optically tested for leaks, i.e. it is optically inspected for infiltrating groundwater.

The last working step is the cleaning of the construction site.

Repair of an accessible brick sewers and manholes while preserving the exposed masonry by joint rehabilitation and crack injection.

(Image: 19347 - Titelbild Dokumentation)

Process: Stainless steel sleeve 'Stuttgarter Hülse'

Title:epair of HD-PE drain pipe of nominal sizes DN 150 to DN 350 with the
stainless steel 'Stuttgarter Sleeve'

Location: Railway embankment

Limiting conditions:

  • System: Drain line
  • Material: HD-PE
  • Cross section: Tunnel profile
  • Nominal size: DN 150/350
  • Depth position: 0.5 - 2.0 m
  • Groundwater: Not present
  • Repair section: Approximately 100 km drain pipes repaired …

Machines and equipment

  • Drilling machine with stir attachment or other mechanical agitators.
  • Pushing rods for positioning the sleeve in the section
  • Compressed air packer suited to the dimensions of the pipe or the sleeves to be positioned
  • Power generator
  • Air compressor with pressure regulator and a minimum capacity of 4 bar
  • Camera as well as monitor for control before and after the repairs
  • Cutting wheel for preparing the sleeves < DN 300

Tools

  • Pliers …

Site equipment

Site equipment includes traffic safety, provision and preparation of storage surfaces for equipment and material as well as the provision of power and water supplies.

In this case, due to the isolated position of the section along a railway line, the site arrangements involved considerable effort. On the one hand, access to the path of the pipe was usually only possible via field paths and construction roads, and, on the other hand, …

Cleaning the Sewer

The section to be rehabilitated must be free from deposits and other flow obstacles. In this case it is cleaned by means of the high-pressure jetting method. If obstacles are found which cannot be removed by this method of cleaning then they are removed using a sewer milling robot. The results of the cleaning are rechecked by TV inspection and documented before the start of rehabilitation.

Inspection

Before beginning the repair works, …