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(Image: Formation of a gap during the insertion: The lack of an uninterrupted force-locked connection during the installation process results in the risk of settlings of the lateral soil and damages to the completed surface) When using the insertion method, a gap is formed between the shoring and the trench wall. This gap is to be filled with suitable material to prevent the settling of the adjacent soil and damages to the surfacing (e.g. road). Subject … |
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(Image: Dragboxes) Dragboxes represent a special form of the edge-supported trench lining systems that can be dragged in the trench in a horizontal direction gradually and in line with the proceeding installation of the pipeline. Normally, a cutting edge is installed at one end of the dragbox in order to allow for an easier dragging of the system through the trench. |
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(Image: Linear shoring systems) This trench shoring system uses movable panels that can be adjusted up and down (up to a depth of about 26 to 33 ft (8 to 10 m)). The panels are inserted into the grooves of vertical beams which are supported by cross braces, spindles (jointed) or roller frames (rigid) [FI-Emun]. An essential advantage of this system is that, particularly in the case of deeper trenches, the shoring panels can be removed more easily during … |
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In the case of the linear shoring systems with a boogie car (roller frame), the vertical beams are not rigidly connected to the cross braces, but rather to vertically moveable roller frames that run along a groove on the inside face of the vertical beam. (Image: Adaptation of the shoring wall height to the necessary trench depth with different panel combinations) (Image: Detailed image of linear shoring system with Boogie car (roller frame)) (Image: … |
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Sheet pile elements use horizontal wales as support for the (steel) special sheet pile profiles. They are connected to each other using supporting cross brace components. The advantage of this system compared to large shoring panels is that crossing services, for example, can be easily omitted from the shoring. In the case of linear shoring, individual shoring units can also be lined with sheet piles. Individual linear shoring units can also be lined … |
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(Video: Video:Installation and dismantling of the Slide Rail System(Linear Shoring)) Video: Installation and dismantling of the Slide Rail System (Linear Shoring) [Illustration: visaplan GmbH] [ThyssenKrupp Bauservice GmbH]. This interactive object is only visible in the online version of the module. |
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There are also significant quality differences in the market for trench shoring equipment (see picture). One quality aspect is proper labeling. The following information must be clearly visible and permanently affixed to trench shoring equipment:
In addition, the following information has to be clearly visible and permanently attached to load-bearing strut sections:
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Trench shoring elements must be accompanied with the manufacturer‘s assembly instructions, which must include the following details in particular:
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(Image: Protective strip of at least 2 ft (60 cm) in width at the side of the trench) The insertion method depends on the selected trench shoring system. Is is mandatory to follow the manufacturer‘s installation specifications in this respect. It has to be ensured that the installation of the trench shoring proceeds in line with the excavation process, so that the trench walls never stand unsupported beyond the allowable angle. For the safety of the … |
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(Image: Formation of a gap during the insertion: The lack of an uninterrupted force-locked connection during the installation process results in the risk of settlings of the lateral soil and damages to the completed surface) To prevent debris from falling into the trench, the shoring has to be at least 2 in (0.05 m) higher than the ground level. For depths of more than 7 ft (2 m), the trench lining has to be at least 4 in (0.1 m) higher than the ground … |
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Headwalls of shored trenches, in firm cohesive types of soil, are allowed to be unsupported up to a depth of 6 ft (1.75 m) and a width of 4 ft (1.25 m). When exceeding these values, trench headwalls are to be shored in the same way as side walls [DIN4124:2002]. (Image: Entry of soil caused by water due to a leaking headwall shoring) (Image: Securing the headwall of the shored trench by means of a steel plate (end plate)) (Image: Securing the headwall … |
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The minimum length of shoring is to be implemented particularly in short-term construction sites (i.e. sectional installation of pipe). In the case of sectional pipe installation, the length of a trench section to be secured with trench shoring system shall be such that the subsequent work can be carried out in the unsecured area at a depth of no more than 1.25 m (4.1 ft). In this case, the face of the trench shall be secured by shoring (e.g. by … |
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(Image: Example for non-compliance to the minimum required distance) (Image: Example for non-compliance to the minimum required distance) It has to be ensured that road vehicles and, in particular, construction equipment, are kept at a sufficient distance from the trench in order to prevent overloading the trench shoring. The following minimum distances are to be kept for horizontally and vertically lined trenches:
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(Table: Minimum required distances for vehicles and construction equipment in accordance with DIN 4124a) |
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Aug 22, 2016 The installation methods of trench lining elements are basically classified into the insertion method and the cut and lower method. |
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Aug 22, 2016 The insertion method involves first excavating the trench, and then inserting the shoring elements into the temporarily stable trench. Worker access to the trench is only permissible upon the successful installation of the shoring. (Image: Insertion method - Step 1: Provision of a suitable trench shoring system (Height = depth of the shaft + 10 cm)) (Image: Insertion method - Step 2: Excavation up to the full depth of the shaft) (Image: Insertion method - … |
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Aug 22, 2016 In the cut and lower method the soil is excavated in stages between the panels, which are alternatingly forced into the soil one side at a time. (Image: Cut and sink method – Step 1: Excavation) (Image: Cut and sink method – Step 2: Insertion) (Image: Cut and sink method – Step 3: One side is sunk and the other excavated) (Image: Cut and lower method – Step 4: One-sided force pushing the lining element deeper into the subsoil and one-sided excavation) |
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Aug 22, 2016 In the cut and lower method the soil is excavated section-wise in-between the panels, while the lining elements are forced into the in situ soil simultaneously on both sides. Step 1 (Image: Cut and sink method (double-sided) - Step 1: Provision of a suitable trench lining system (Height = Depth of the shaft + 10 cm)) Step 2 (Image: Cut and sink method (double-sided) - Step 2: Excavation) Step 3 (Image: Cut and sink method (double-sided) - Step 3:) Step … |
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Aug 22, 2016 Standard trench shoring No uninterrupted force-locked connection between the trench shoring and subsoil during the lowering process. (Image: Standard trench lining) (Image: Standard trench lining) Linear shoring with boogie car (roller frame) Uninterrupted force-locked connection between the trench shoring and subsoil during the lowering process. (Image: Linear shoring with boogie car (roller frame)) (Image: Linear shoring with boogie car (roller frame)) |
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Aug 22, 2016 Insertion of linear shoring support elements with roller frame in practice: The uninterrupted force-locked connection between the trench shoring and the subsoil is guaranteed. (Image: Insertion of linear shoring elements with roller frame – Forcing the panel deeper into the soil) (Image: Insertion of linear shoring elements with roller frame – Insertion of another panel) (Image: Insertion of linear shoring elements with roller frame – Flush insertion … |
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For the installation of pipelines and sewers in areas with groundwater, the trench has to be kept free of water. There are three water retention methods available for that purpose:
Subsequently, the first two options will be considered in detail. (Image: Groundwater lowering using wells – Detail: … |
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